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Types of Coffee Beans

Behind every cup of coffee that we drink, there is a carefully graded bean. They are graded based on the size, color and shape.

The AA classification is given to online coffee beans beans that satisfy all of the above requirements, except they cannot have more than three deficient quality (quakers). These are typically Kenya AA beans.

Arabica

Arabica coffee beans are also referred to as Coffea Arabicica and are the most well-known coffee bean in the world. Legend has it that coffee was discovered in Ethiopia when goat herders noticed their herd dancing with more energy after eating the fruit of the coffee plant. This led him to experiment with roasting the seeds and brewing them, which resulted in the beverage that we enjoy today.

While a myriad of coffee plants are available There are only two species that are used as the foundation for all our favourite beverages: robusta and arabica. The taste of the final drink is typically more appealing when you drink the former.

There are a number of different arabica cultivars, with each possessing its own distinctive flavour profile. Typica and Bourbon are two of the most well-known arabica cultivars. All other arabica cultivars were derived from these two varieties, either through natural mutations, or deliberate crossbreeding. The SL28 cultivar, for instance, was developed in Kenya by Scott Labs and is known for its distinctive chocolate taste.

The taste of an arabica variety will be determined by the environment in the area it is grown as well as the way it is processed and roasted. For instance, the kind of shade that a tree receives in its altitude, its elevation and soil composition can all play a major influence on the final outcome.

Robusta

Robusta cafe coffee Beans beans (Coffea canephora) are the second most sought-after variety of coffee beans. They are the beans that are used in most instant coffees and have twice as much caffeine as Arabica Coffee Beans. They also are used to make many espresso blends including cappuccino, caffe latte, and other coffee drinks.

The Coffea Canephora plant was initially discovered in Sub-Saharan Africa, but it has since been cultivated around the world. It can be grown at lower elevations, and can withstand higher temperatures than Arabica 500g coffee beans plants, which makes it more suitable for farmers. Vietnam is currently the largest producer of robusta coffee, followed by Brazil and Indonesia.

While the robusta coffee plant has its merits but it's not as loved by cupping aficionados for its bitter taste and smoky rubber notes. It's often regarded as inferior quality coffee and a majority of the major light roast coffee beans companies use arabica beans for their top-quality products.

The demand for specialty coffees is growing, and small roasters are exploring to capitalize on its outstanding qualities. Our Valhalla Java coffee and Death With Coffee coffee are two examples. Both are exceptional robustas that blend with arabica to create the perfect balance of flavor and strength. These beans are from Uganda, a country where robusta has been grown for a long time. You can learn more about them here.

Liberica

Liberica coffee beans are rare and aren't used much around the world. They are less than 2% of worldwide coffee consumption. They are often overlooked since they don't contain as much caffeine as Arabica and Robusta do. However, these beans possess distinctive flavor that many coffee lovers find appealing.

Despite being extremely rare, Liberica coffee beans are still fairly popular in parts of Asia. They are most popular in Malaysia and Indonesia as they have a large Muslim population. The coffee industry in these countries has historically been very robust and the cup of coffee following a prayer is part of the tradition.

Liberica coffee's roots go back to the 1890s which was the time when a global epidemic caused by coffee leaf rust decimated the arabica crop. This incident prompted coffee farmers to search for a more robust plant that could flourish in tropical climates. They soon discovered Liberica.

Liberica plants are resistant to diseases and pests which makes them a great alternative to the ruined arabica crop. Liberica also has the ability to thrive in temperatures that are hot and lower altitudes. This allowed it to flourish in the climate of Southeast Asia. Liberica beans are used to produce most of the dark roast coffee beans that is produced in the Philippines and Indonesia.

Excelsa

While it isn't common for coffee enthusiasts to find excelsa beans, they are quickly gaining the reputation of having a distinct flavor. According to Komal Sable, a fifth generation coffee farmer at South India Coffee Co., these beans are "a variant of the liberica species, and have similar teardrop-like shapes however, they are smaller." But despite this family resemblance, it's important to note that excelsa is technically not a separate species.

As such, it's a bit confusing how excelsa beans should be classified, and it's this confusion that's been the cause of the beans' absence in the modern world of coffee. Many roasters, growers and brewers have no idea how to properly cultivate and utilize these beans.

It is ultimately up the individual to determine whether they enjoy the flavor of the coffee excelsa and it may take a little bit of time to discover a blend that is suitable for their tastes. The most important thing is to remain open to new ideas and give every kind of coffee you can until you discover one you truly love. You'll discover the full range of possibilities the unique beans have to offer. This is a journey worth the effort.